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CraftExam
medium difficulty5 min

Finding n when sum is known

Finding n when sum is known means using the sum formula to determine how many terms of an AP add up to a given total.

In one line: When the total is known, n is the hidden count you must uncover.

Practice This Concept

Understand it

Sometimes the exam gives the total sum and asks for the number of terms. In such questions, students must set up the sum formula, substitute the known values, and solve the resulting equation for n. This often creates a quadratic equation, so neat algebra is important.

Example

If the sum of an AP is 30 and the terms are 2, 4, 6, 8, ..., then n = 5 because 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 = 30.

Formula and rule

Use Sn = n/2 [2a + (n - 1)d] and solve for n when Sn is known.

See it worked out

Follow the example line by line, then use the same method on new questions.

Worked example

  1. 1For the AP 3, 6, 9, 12, ... and Sn = 45, we get n/2[6 + 3(n - 1)] = 45.
  2. 2Solving gives n = 5.

Method you can reuse

  1. 1Write the sum formula.
  2. 2Replace a, d, and Sn with the given values.
  3. 3Simplify into an equation in n.
  4. 4Solve for the positive whole number value of n.

Visual tip

A table of term number and value can help verify the number of terms after solving the equation.

Check yourself

Answer the question in your head before opening the answer.

Try it yourself

What should you do first when the sum of an AP is given and n is unknown?

Think first, then show answer
You should write the sum formula and substitute the known first term, common difference, and total sum. Then solve the resulting equation for n.

Common wrong answer

A common wrong answer is to stop after forming the equation and not solve it completely for n.

Don't mix this up

Students may use the nth-term formula instead of the sum formula when the question is about total sum.

Exam tip

If the phrase says sum, total, or altogether, start with the sum formula.

Write it in the exam

Each point is worth about one mark. Write point 1 for a 1-mark question and keep adding points as the marks go up.

How CBSE asks it

CBSE may give the sum and ask for the number of terms, especially in money, seating, or counting problems.
  1. 1

    Enough for 1 mark

    Finding n when sum is known means using the sum formula to determine how many terms of an AP add up to a given total.

  2. 2

    Add for 2 marks

    Example: If the sum of an AP is 30 and the terms are 2, 4, 6, 8, ..., then n = 5 because 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 = 30.

  3. 3

    Add for 3 marks

    This often creates a quadratic equation, so neat algebra is important.

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